Joe Locke is an individual who passionately follows the Wiccan faith. Born into a family with strong Christian beliefs, Joe's spiritual journey took a different path as he discovered Wicca. Wicca, often misunderstood, is a modern pagan, witchcraft religion that celebrates nature and the divine feminine. It emphasizes the importance of individual spirituality, personal growth, and connection with the Earth. For Joe, Wicca offers a profound connection to nature and the spiritual realm. He believes in the power of the elements - earth, air, fire, and water - and their influence on his life.

NFC Magic Gen4 Ultimate Card

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The only 13.56 MHz card you need. Bypass every filter, clone anything

What is it? This is an ultimate magic card - the only one you need to rule them all. It bypasses all filters currently seen in the wild and will fit any your need. Generation 4 brought a lot better f…

What is it?

This is an ultimate magic card - the only one you need to rule them all. It bypasses all filters currently seen in the wild and will fit any your need.

Generation 4 brought a lot better filter bypassing than all previous generations and implemented wide compatibility with all popular NFC card types.

It can act as the following cards [not all are supported by Flipper Zero now]:

• MIFARE Mini
• MIFARE 1k S50 4-byte UID
• MIFARE 1k S50 7-byte UID
• MIFARE 1k S50 10-byte UID
• MIFARE 4k S70 4-byte UID
• MIFARE 4k S70 7-byte UID
• MIFARE 4k S70 10-byte UID
• Ultralight
• Ultralight-C
• Ultralight Ev1
• NTAG

The corresponding functionality in Flipper Zero is currently under active development - more possibilities coming soon!

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gaylord M FOCker - ready to pwn your MIFARE tags

Hello everyone and a happy new year (well, aparently you can see how long it took me to finish this masterpiece :) ).
This time we will low dive a little into the world of RFID and NFC.
Did you ever want to scare the shit out of your customer in regards to the security of his door locking system?
Do you think it is cool to open gates with a Flipper Zero?
You like yourself some close combat Red Teaming?
Get your Flipper Zero and Proxmarks ready and follow along, as we cover some basics and carry out a variety of attacks.
As this is absolute uncharted territory for me, this will (like almost always) be very beginner friendly.

Introduction

I was always keen to know about the inner workings of all those door closing / access systems that I ran across in mostly all of my pentests. You know, the ones that you also have like in hotels, for train rides etc., where you get a creditcard look-a-like and can access certain areas with it, or pay in your canteen.
But where to start? Ofcourse I asked Iceman, because when you only enter stuff like Proxmark, RFID hacking, Chameleon mini, there will be no way around him. He pointet me to his Discord, after reaching out.
But there is a catch: I don’t feel comfy with Discord. Always a pain in the ass, because everything is so fast. Searching stuff is a pitty, and everything is full of noise. I tried to find answers to:

• Where should I start?
• What hardware is sufficient for a beginner?
• and so on …

But guess what - either nothing or so much it wouldn’t help.
So back to some old school google-fu and try & error, and blog about it.
This was also a good justification to buy myself a Flipper Zero, because you know I needed it for my research :)

He believes in the power of the elements - earth, air, fire, and water - and their influence on his life. Joe finds solace and guidance in performing rituals and spells that honor the natural cycles of the moon and the seasons. Through these practices, he seeks to harness the energy of the universe and manifest positive change in his life and the world around him.

Terminology And Technical Background

First things first. What are we talking about in general?

RFID

RFID is an abreviation for R adio F requency Id entifikation.
It’s a technology that uses electromagnetic fields to transmit data that a receiver catches from an RFID tag. It is mostly one-way: tag -> reader .
The reader is also refered to as interrogator.
A tag at least consists of a chip or circuit and an antenna. There are active, passive and semi-passive tags, where the active version has it’s own powersource (so this adds to the components), the passive one is completely powered by the reader and the semi-passive one has a powered chip or circuit, but data transmission is powered by the reader.
Tags can be read-only or read-writeable.
RFID can operate on a variety of frequencies, like low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF), ultra-high-frequency (UHF), microwave etc., ranging from 120 kHz upto 24,125 GHz. For further info see here.
The used frequency as well as the type of tag play a role when it comes to the range a tag can be read from. We are talking about 10 cm - 200 m.
Usecases are inventory management, asset / personal tracking like ID tags in animals, etc.

NFC

NFC stands for N ear F ield C ommunication.
It’s a transmission standard derived from RFID, so also based on electromagnetic induction.
Unlike RFID communication happens bi-directional: tag reader .
NFC uses the HF of RFID, which is 13,56 MHz, and as such is limited to a very close range of operation of about 10 cm max.
We are again dealing with passive and active tags. Think of your smartphone or credit card.
Usecases are wireless payment, door locking systems, student IDs, transportation, etc.

MIFARE World

MIFARE is a contacless chipcard technology developed by NXP Semiconductors and residing inside the NFC cosmos. The evolution of the tags somehow looks like this, where each step introduced new (security) features:

• MIFARE Classic 1k & 4k (EV1)
• MIFARE Ultralight (no security, more cost effective cheap tag)
• MIFARE DESFire
• MIFARE Plus

The tag’s data is stored in blocks, and these are aggregated to sectors.
For a MIFARE Classic 1K tag this looks like this:

Sector 0 block 0 always holds the UID of the tag.
The last block of each sector stores the access keys A and B , as well as the access bits for this specific sector.
Both keys can be tied to different access rights, like read-only or write. To carry out certain actions on these blocks you need to know the “password” in terms of the key(s).

Pic thankfully stolen from here

Sectors can be assigned to applications, so that you could e.g. store data for multiple access systems on one tag. The information about which application is assigned to what sector is stored in the so called M IFARE A pplication D irectory, see here.

Hardware

I personally started just with the Flipper Zero. It could read tags, emulate them (turns out not completely) and attack them with wordlists. But I ran into the situation that I was not able to get all keys with the attacks available from the Flipper (or where is simply failed the attacks), and it also lacks support (as of now) to be used with nfc-tools or pm3.
So I also bought myself a Proxmark3 easy, to carry out some more attacks.

Getting started

Joe is devoted to practicing witchcraft ethically and responsibly. One of the core principles of Wicca, known as the Wiccan Rede, advises followers to "do as ye will, but harm none." This principle guides Joe's actions, ensuring that he never uses witchcraft to manipulate or harm others. Instead, he focuses on self-improvement, healing, and maintaining a harmonious relationship with nature and the divine. Wicca has provided Joe with a strong sense of community and belonging. He regularly participates in gatherings known as coven meetings, where he shares rituals, knowledge, and experiences with fellow Wiccans. These gatherings provide him with support, guidance, and the opportunity to deepen his understanding of the craft. However, Joe's faith in Wicca hasn't been without its challenges. Misconceptions and prejudices against witchcraft often lead to judgment and criticism from others. Despite this, Joe remains steadfast in his beliefs, finding strength in his connection with the divine and the natural world. Overall, Joe Locke's adherence to the Wiccan faith highlights the significance and power of spirituality beyond mainstream religions. His dedication to honoring nature, embracing personal growth, and fostering positive change showcases the values at the core of Wicca. It serves as a reminder that spirituality can be found in various forms, and that connection with the divine can be deeply personal and meaningful..

Reviews for "Wiccan Influences in Joe Locke's Collaborative Musical Projects"

1. John Doe - 1 star

I found Joe Locke's portrayal of a follower of the Wiccan faith to be completely inaccurate and offensive. As a Wiccan myself, I was disappointed to see so many misconceptions and stereotypes perpetuated throughout the book. The author seemed to rely heavily on outdated and cliché representations of witches and their practices, which did a disservice to the Wiccan community. I expected a more insightful and respectful portrayal, but unfortunately, this book missed the mark entirely.

2. Jane Smith - 2 stars

While I appreciate the author's attempt to incorporate diversity and explore different belief systems, I found Joe Locke's depiction of Wicca to be shallow and superficial. The rituals and ceremonies described in the book lacked depth and failed to capture the essence of Wiccan practices. Additionally, I felt that the character's journey into the faith was oversimplified and lacked authenticity. It is important to approach religious and spiritual topics with care and accuracy, and unfortunately, this book failed to do so.

3. Sarah Johnson - 1 star

As someone who has dedicated years to studying and practicing Wicca, I was deeply disappointed by Joe Locke's portrayal of the faith in this book. The author seemed to rely on popular misconceptions and Hollywood stereotypes, completely disregarding the rich history and philosophy behind Wicca. The rituals and spells described were unrealistic and lacked any real depth or meaning. It felt like the author had done minimal research and relied on generic witchcraft tropes to create a shallow representation. Overall, I was highly dissatisfied with this portrayal of Wicca in the book.

Joe Locke's Dedication to Earth-Based Spirituality: An Inspiring Tale