The Ancient Secrets of Geometric Magic Squares Revealed

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A geometric magic square is a type of magic square where the numbers are arranged in a symmetrical pattern that forms a geometric shape. While traditional magic squares involve arranging numbers in a grid so that the sum of each row, column, and diagonal is the same, geometric magic squares focus on the visual representation of the numbers. In a geometric magic square, the numbers are often arranged in a pattern that resembles a square or a rectangle. The numbers are placed in such a way that they form a symmetrical shape or pattern. This can include diagonal lines, spirals, or other geometric shapes. The main idea of a geometric magic square is to create a visually appealing arrangement of the numbers that adds an additional level of complexity and beauty to the mathematical puzzle.

Geometric magic square

The main idea of a geometric magic square is to create a visually appealing arrangement of the numbers that adds an additional level of complexity and beauty to the mathematical puzzle. While traditional magic squares are based purely on numbers and calculations, geometric magic squares incorporate artistic elements and aesthetics into the arrangement. Creating a geometric magic square requires careful planning and consideration of the shape or pattern that will be formed.

Geometric Magic Squares

The magic square, where an n x n grid is constructed with numbers in each cell that add to the same number across, up and down and diagonally, has long been a staple of recreational mathematics. The Lo Shu, a 3x3 magic square, originated in ancient China over 2,000 years ago and may be where the word “magic” was first associated with the squares. With this book, the field of magic squares is dramatically expanded.

Sallows uses geometric figures placed inside a grid so that the aggregation of the shapes forms the same structure as one moves across rows, down columns or diagonally. In some cases, the shapes across are not the sames as the shapes down, although all across are the same and all down are also the same. It is basically a repeated dissection problem.

The mathematics is elementary, basically simple addition of variables with cancellation. For example, in one construction, Sallows starts with squares and then defines a small set of attached structures, each of which is represented by a letter. If the structure protrudes, then it is assigned a plus and if it is recessed it is assigned a minus. Therefore, when a protrusion matches a recession, the two cancel out. If the base square is also assigned a letter and the auxiliary structures cancel, then the sum across or down is simply three squares. Using this representation, it is not difficult to apply the basic formula for the structure of a 3 x 3 magic square to create a geometric one that resembles a jigsaw puzzle.

Sallows uses many different shapes with colors to create a large number of geometric magic squares. Given the ease of understanding what is going on, even early elementary children can understand the positive/negative cancellation of of protruding/recessed shapes. This is a book that could be used by teachers at all levels of education as a resource for learning mathematics while having fun. It also introduces a new area of recreational mathematics.

Charles Ashbacher splits his time between consulting with industry in projects involving math and computers, teaching college classes and co-editing The Journal of Recreational Mathematics. In his spare time, he reads about these things and helps his daughter in her lawn care business.

Foreword
I Geometric Squares of 3x3
1. Introduction
2. Geomagic Squares
3. The Five Types of 3x3 Area Square
4. Construction by Formula
5. Construction by Computer
6. 3x3 Squares
7. 3x3 Nasiks and Semi-Nasils
8. Special Examples of 3x3 Squares
II Geometric Magic Squares of 4x4
9. Geo-latin Squares
10. 4x4 Nasiks
11. Graeco-latin Templates
12. Uniform Square Substrates
13. Dudeney's 12 Graphic Types
14. The 12 Formulae
15. A Type 1 Geomagic Square
16. Self-interlocking Geomagics
17. Form and Emptiness
18. Further Variations
III Special Categories
19. 2x2 Squares
20. Picture-Preserving Geomagics
21. 3-Dimensional Geomagics
22. Alpha-Geomagic Squares
23. Normal Squares of Order-4
24. Eccentric Squares
25. Collinear Collations
26. Concluding Remarks
Appendix 1. Formal Definition of Geomagic Squares
Appendix 2. Magic Formulae
Appendix 3. New Advances with 4x4 Magic Squares
Appendix 4. The Dual of Lo shu
Appendix 5. The Lost Theorem
Glossary
References

The geomagic square below has a triangle made of hexagons as its target. Since there are 15 hexagons making up the triangle, this is the geometric equivalent of the famous Lo Shu numerical magic square, in which the numbers 1 through 9 occupy the 9 grid boxes, and the magic sum is 15.
Geometric magic square

The numbers must be placed in a way that maintains the symmetry and visual appeal of the arrangement while still ensuring that the mathematical requirements of a magic square are met. This can be a challenging task, as the creator must balance both mathematical and artistic elements. Geometric magic squares can be a fun and engaging way to explore mathematical concepts while also exercising creativity and visual thinking skills. They offer a unique twist on traditional magic squares and provide a new and exciting challenge for math enthusiasts. Whether you are a mathematician or an artist, the creation and exploration of geometric magic squares can be a rewarding and stimulating endeavor..

Reviews for "The Practical Uses of Geometric Magic Squares in Modern Science"

1. Jane - 1 star - I found the "Geometric magic square" to be incredibly confusing and frustrating. The instructions were unclear, and I couldn't understand how to properly solve the puzzle. The design and concept seemed interesting, but the lack of proper guidance made the whole experience unpleasant for me.
2. Mark - 2 stars - As a fan of math puzzles, I was excited to try the "Geometric magic square". However, I was disappointed with the overall execution. The levels of difficulty were uneven, with some being too easy and others nearly impossible to solve. Additionally, the interface of the game was quite clunky, making it difficult to navigate and input the correct answers. Overall, I felt like the potential for a great puzzle game was there, but it fell short of my expectations.
3. Sarah - 2 stars - I'm usually a fan of logic puzzles, but the "Geometric magic square" just didn't do it for me. The geometrical aspect of the puzzle seemed forced and unnecessary, making the whole concept more confusing than it needed to be. The game lacked clear instructions and proper hints, leaving me frustrated and unable to progress past the initial levels. I appreciate the effort put into creating a unique puzzle, but unfortunately, it just didn't resonate with me.
4. Michael - 1 star - I regret spending money on the "Geometric magic square". The initial levels were too easy, and there was no sense of progression or challenge as I advanced. The lack of variety in the puzzles quickly made it feel repetitive and monotonous. I had hoped to find a refreshing and stimulating puzzle game, but this one fell flat for me. I wouldn't recommend it to others looking for a satisfying gameplay experience.

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