How to Read and Interpret Rune Stones

A rune is a type of symbol or character that is used in various forms of writing and communication. Runes were first used by ancient Germanic tribes, such as the Vikings, and were typically carved into wood, stone, or other materials. Each rune has its own meaning and pronunciation, and they were often used as a form of written language. In addition to their use as a written language, runes were also considered to have magical or mystical properties. They were used in various forms of divination and were believed to hold power and wisdom. Runes were often used by Norse shamans and witches in their rituals and ceremonies.

Session No. 256--Booth# 273

Our results show the intrusions can be divided into three trachyandesite dikes that occur within canyons of the SGT in the west and central parts of the MCB, as well as one diabase dike and an adjacent diabase lopolith Smith et al, 2016. Since the aim of our study is to obtain a representative record of bulk crustal evolution, it is important to exclude effects of detrital zircons as these will bias results towards their specific crustal end-member compositions.

Runes were often used by Norse shamans and witches in their rituals and ceremonies. The word "rune" itself comes from the Old Norse word "rūna," which means "secret" or "mystery." This reflects the mystical nature associated with the runes.

A FIELD-BASED AND REMOTELY SENSED PERSPECTIVE OF MAFIC INTRUSIONS WITHIN MEADOW CREEK BASIN, SOUTHERN BLACK MOUNTAINS, NW AZ

HELFRICH, Autumn L 1 , SMITH, Veronica C. 2 , WILLIAMS, Sarah G. 3 , SCHWAT, Eli L. 4 , THOMPSON, Ian P. 5 , LANG, Nicholas P. 6 and MILLER, Calvin F. 4 , (1)Department of Environmental, Geographical and Geological Sciences, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, PA 17815, (2)Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, (3)Department of Geosciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, (4)Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, (5)Department of Geological Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, (6)Department of Geology, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA 16546, [email protected]

Meadow Creek Basin (MCB) is located in the southern Black Mountains, AZ, near the caldera from which the 18.8 Ma Peach Spring Tuff erupted. In MCB, a series of mafic intrusions cuts through the post-Peach Spring volcanic sequence (Antelope rhyolite, Sitgreaves Tuff [SGT], and Meadow Creek trachyte), providing a glimpse into the movement and storage of mantle-derived material in the time postdating a supereruption. Here, we attempt to establish the spatial and compositional relationships of these mafic intrusions and consider their possible connection to local capping mafic lavas.

We employed both field-based observations and multispectral, remotely sensed data sets. Fieldwork involved collecting samples from each intrusive body, recording contact locations and orientations, followed by in-lab geochemical analyses (XRF) of the samples in order to specify compositional characteristics of the intrusions. Using ArcGIS, we digitized previous geologic mapping by Liggett & Childs (1982), revised to include newly established contacts of four dikes and a newly recognized ~0.5 km by ~1 km lopolith. Remote sensing related methodologies involved performing unsupervised and supervised classifications of the multi-spectral data from field-checked training sites as regions of interest. Using a classification combination, we defined a best-fit map displaying the distribution of the capping mafic lava flow above MCB.

Our results show the intrusions can be divided into three trachyandesite dikes that occur within canyons of the SGT in the west and central parts of the MCB, as well as one diabase dike and an adjacent diabase lopolith (Smith et al, 2016). We estimate that the lopolith has a volume of ~10 8 m 3 . The dikes are all nearly vertical and have NW-SE trends that are broadly parallel to many of the normal faults in this region. This suggests a possible syn-extensional relationship between dike emplacement and Miocene crustal lengthening in the SBM. The lopolith and adjacent diabase dike were likely involved with feeding the overlying mafic unit, as confirmed by comparable geochemical signatures (Smith et al, 2016). Similar orientations and dimensions of the dikes, and similar compositions and textures of the mafic dike and lopolith, suggest that all may have been coeval.

Session No. 256--Booth# 273

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They were seen as a way to tap into the supernatural realm and gain knowledge or insights. Today, runes are still used in various forms of modern paganism and occult practices. Many people use runes as a form of divination, similar to tarot cards. They believe that casting the runes can provide guidance and insight into the past, present, or future. While the use of runes as a written language has mostly died out, their mystical and symbolic significance remains. Many people still wear or use rune symbols as a way to connect with their ancestral heritage or to tap into the ancient wisdom associated with these symbols. In conclusion, a rune is a symbol with deep historical, cultural, and mystical significance. Whether used as a form of written language or as a tool for divination, runes have played an important role in the beliefs and practices of various ancient cultures, and they continue to hold significance for many people today..

Reviews for "Unraveling the Ancient Wisdom of Rune Inscriptions"

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A Beginner's Guide to Working with Runes