Witchcraft continues to be a topic of debate and speculation in today's society. Some individuals firmly believe in its existence, while others dismiss it as mere superstition. The question remains: do you have faith in witchcraft? Those who support the notion of witchcraft argue that there is a rich history of witchcraft in various cultures around the world. They believe that witches possess supernatural powers and have the ability to manipulate reality. These individuals often point to ancient texts and personal experiences as evidence of its existence. For them, witchcraft is a legitimate and powerful force.
8 And Saul disguised himself, and put on other raiment, and he went, and two men with him, and they came to the woman by night: and he said, I pray thee, divine unto me by the familiar spirit, and bring me him up, whom I shall name unto thee.
There is a lot of mystery here, but I think we must understand that God never commanded the Israelites to attack any peoples whom he had not considered it morally right to judge because of the pure evil of their actions. 20 Then Saul fell straightway all along on the earth, and was sore afraid, because of the words of Samuel and there was no strength in him; for he had eaten no bread all the day, nor all the night.
For them, witchcraft is a legitimate and powerful force. On the other hand, skeptics argue that witchcraft is nothing more than a product of folklore and fantasy. They believe that any apparent supernatural occurrences can be explained through rational means.
Saul and the qitch of endor purcell
Remains of the final battle by Jane Mackay, used with many thanks to the artist. Jane Mackay’s Sounding Art website can be found here
Saul and the witch at Endor, Z134 – Purcell realization for soprano, tenor, bass voices and piano (pre 21 November 1945, Britten aged 32)
Dedication Cuthbert Kelly, a singer who was in the New English Singers with Peter Pears
Text Anon
Language English
Duration 12′
Audio clips with thanks to Hyperion
https://goodmorningbritten.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/saul-and-the-witch-original.mp3 Original version, In guilty night, with Susan Gritton (soprano), Rogers Covey-Crump (tenor), Michael George (bass) and the King’s Consort / Robert King
https://goodmorningbritten.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/saul-and-the-witch-realization.mp3 Realization, with Sarah Walker (mezzo-soprano), John Mark Ainsley (tenor), Simon Keenlyside (baritone) and Graham Johnson (piano)
Background and Critical Reception
This is the most substantial of Britten’s Purcell realizations, and was performed for the first time in the first of the two Wigmore Hall concerts given to celebrate the 250th anniversary of the composer’s death, on 21 November 1945.
Purcell sets the Old Testament tale of King Saul of Israel, who is about to fight the Philistines but is getting desperate as his pleas to God have not been answered, and he has driven all mediums and witches from the land. In his desperation he gets his men to call on a medium from the village of Endor, asking her to raise the prophet Samuel from the dead to see what can be done. She is horrified to see her visitor is the King, but he promises not to harm her. Samuel then appears, but tells Saul he is beyond rescue and that he should prepare to die the next day. The tale ends with a sorrowful farewell, the king resigned to his fate. Although the music ends here the tale does not, with Saul and his sons perishing the next day in the Battle of Gilboa.
Purcell’s work is rare among his output, evading almost all categorisation except perhaps that of ‘dramatic scena’. Writing about the work for Hyperion, Robert King sees Purcell as encompassing elements of the devotional song, the cantata and even the oratorio. In his words, ‘The closing chorus, setting just two words, ‘Oh, Farewell’, is a magical ending to one of the most remarkable compositions of the age’.
Britten’s realization is for soprano (the witch), tenor (Saul) and bass (Samuel), with piano accompaniment – which would have been performed in the Wigmore Hall concert by Margaret Ritchie, Peter Pears and Owen Brannigan, accompanied by Britten himself.
In an extremely interesting chapter on Realizing Purcell in the book Britten’s Unquiet Pasts , published by Cambridge University Press, Heather Wiebe suggests that in Saul and the witch of Endor ‘Britten seems to have found…a site for the expression of excessive feeling, in this case shame and abandonment. She also talks of the ‘misty’ figuration of the opening, and the moment when Samuel’s ghost returns to the underworld as ‘almost disappearing off the bottom of the piano’.
On the face of it this would have been the ideal subject matter and text for Britten to set as a first Canticle – and perhaps the only reason he did not do so was because Purcell had already achieved that. Saul and the witch of Endor does nonetheless act as something of a prototype for a form he made his own.
It is an extraordinary setting. The opening notes are sparse and deeply troubled, but the moment when Samuel rises from the dead, his voice down in his boots, is truly chilling. Here the piano is also right down in the lower register, and one can sense the mists of another world that should not have been disturbed.
The tortured mental state of Saul is truly laid bare here, and Britten deliberately does not add much treble to the piano part, with much of it held well below middle ‘C’. There is brief hope in the middle section, as the witch manages to locate Samuel, but his news is bad and the final farewell harrowing in the extreme.
Purcell’s lines ensure the full dramatic potential of the story is revealed, as Saul teeters on the edge of insanity, the witch spends much of the time in fearful obedience and Samuel is vexed at his return to the world. It is a potent combination of extreme emotions, and Britten’s responsive piano part ensures that no dramatic stone is left unturned. Because of this, Saul and the witch of Endor is perhaps his boldest and most unsettling realization of Purcell to date.
Recordings used
Sarah Walker (mezzo-soprano), John Mark Ainsley (tenor), Simon Keenlyside (baritone) and Graham Johnson (piano) (Hyperion)
My personal preference would be for a performance of this to have less vibrato than the three singers here use, especially having heard the very sparse and moving interpretation from Andrew Parrott. That said, this is incredibly well sung, a powerful interpretation that is also deeply troubling, especially when Samuel comes back from the dead.
Unfortunately the version above is the only version of Britten’s realization, and is not available on Spotify. However two versions of the original can be accessed. An emotionally bare account from the Taverner Consort and Players under Andrew Taverner can be accessed here, while Alfred Deller – one of Purcell’s chief exponents in the 1940s and 1950s, takes the role of Saul here, accompanied by the Deller Consort.
Also written in 1945: Schoenberg – Prelude to Genesis Suite for Chorus and Orchestra, Op. 44
Next up: Lord, what is man?
This argument of a change in God’s attitude from one testament to the next cannot hold water. Wright quotes bible scholar John Wenham who summarizes things well:
Skeptics often dismiss witchcraft as nothing but a deception or an illusion. They claim that there is no concrete evidence to support the existence of witchcraft. Ultimately, the question of whether one has faith in witchcraft is a deeply personal one. It is influenced by individual beliefs, experiences, and cultural background. While some may have unwavering faith in witchcraft, others may dismiss it entirely. It is up to each individual to explore this topic and come to their own conclusion. Whether one has faith in witchcraft or not, it is crucial to approach this topic with an open mind and respect for the beliefs of others. Understanding and tolerance are key in engaging in any discussion surrounding supernatural beliefs or practices. In conclusion, the question of whether one has faith in witchcraft is subjective. It ultimately depends on an individual's personal beliefs and experiences. While some firmly believe in its existence, others dismiss it as mere folklore. Regardless, it is important to approach this topic with an open mind and respect for differing opinions..
Reviews for "The Power of Manifestation: Embracing Faith in Witchcraft Spells"
1. Sarah - 2/5 - I was really disappointed with "Do you have faith in witchcraft". The author claimed to provide an in-depth analysis of witchcraft beliefs and practices, but it felt more like a surface-level overview. The book lacked specific examples and evidence to support its claims, leaving me skeptical and unsatisfied. I was hoping for a more comprehensive and well-researched study on the topic, but unfortunately, this book fell short.
2. Mark - 1/5 - "Do you have faith in witchcraft" was an absolute waste of time. The author seemed more interested in promoting their own personal beliefs rather than providing a balanced and unbiased perspective. The book was filled with unsubstantiated claims and vague explanations that left me with more questions than answers. Additionally, the writing was repetitive and lacked coherence. I would not recommend this book to anyone looking for a serious exploration of witchcraft.
3. Emily - 2/5 - Although "Do you have faith in witchcraft" had an interesting premise, it failed to deliver a compelling narrative. The book lacked structure, and it often felt like a jumbled collection of disconnected thoughts and ideas. The author's writing style was convoluted and difficult to follow, resulting in a frustrating reading experience. I believe this book would benefit from a more focused and organized approach to effectively convey its intended message.